Calculus Volume 3 · free preview

Vectors in Three Dimensions

Three-dimensional space adds a third coordinate and the basis vector k, with distance, spheres, and the geometry of space built on ordered triples and the same component operations as the plane.

1. The third coordinate

The third coordinate

2. Distance and spheres

Distance and spheres

3. The standard basis in space

The standard basis in space

4. Projections and shadows

Projections and shadows

5. Third basis vector

In three dimensions the standard basis adds which vector to i and j?

6. Space distance

The distance from (0, 0, 0) to (1, 2, 2) equals what number?

7. Sphere equation

The sphere centered at (1, 2, 3) with radius 2 has which equation?

8. First octant

The first octant is characterized by which sign condition on the coordinates?

9. Completing the square for spheres

The equation x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - 2x - 4y - 6z = 2 describes a sphere. Completing the square gives center and radius what?

10. Third coordinate of sum

Adding (1, 2, 3) and (4, 5, 6) gives a vector whose z component equals what number? Answer with a number.

11. Box diagonal factor

The distance from the origin to (1, 1, 1) is root 3. As a number, what is under the root? Answer with a number.

12. Octant count

Three coordinate planes divide space into how many octants? Answer with a number.

13. Midpoint in space

The midpoint of the segment from (0, 0, 0) to (2, 4, 6) has which coordinates?

14. Right-handed orientation

The right-hand rule fixes the orientation by curling from x to y, the thumb pointing along which axis? Answer with one lowercase letter.

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