English Reading Training · free preview
Addition and Time Order: Signals and Patterns
Recognize the signal words and organizational patterns that writers use to show addition and time order within and across sentences.
1. Transitions as Road Signs
Transitions as Road Signs
2. The Addition Pattern and List of Items
The Addition Pattern and List of Items
3. The Time Order Pattern
The Time Order Pattern
4. Identifying a procedural pattern
Read the passage: "To test the hypothesis, the researchers prepared three identical samples of the alloy. First, they heated each sample to 400 degrees and held it at that temperature for two hours. Then they quenched the samples in an oil bath to lock in the crystal structure. Next, they ground the surfaces flat and polished them until no scratches remained. Afterwards, each sample was submerged in a salt solution for forty-eight hours. Finally, the team measured the mass lost by each sample and recorded the corrosion rates. The procedure took six days from start to finish, and every sample passed through the same stations in the same order." Which organizational pattern does this passage use?
5. The function of "furthermore"
Read the two sentences: "The new library wing doubles the number of study seats available to students. Furthermore, its extended weekend hours give working students access they never had before." What is the function of "furthermore" in this pair of sentences?
6. List of items or time order
Read the passage: "A resilient supply chain rests on several capabilities. Also, it requires accurate demand forecasting so that inventory matches real needs. In addition, strong supplier relationships provide flexibility when disruptions occur. Another requirement is redundant logistics routes, which keep goods moving when one path closes. Besides these, transparent data systems let managers see problems early. No single capability does the work alone; together they form the foundation." Does this passage use the list-of-items pattern or the time-order pattern, and why?
7. The chronological pattern
Complete the sentence: The organizational pattern in which ideas must appear in strict chronological sequence, because each stage depends on the one before it, is called ____.
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