Chapter 25: Review and Practice

Now that we’ve now seen all the common functional groups and

Chemistry Matters — Sweetness

Acesulfame potassium, one of the more recently approved swee

Summary of Reactions

Additional Problems

Problem 25-30 Galactose, one of the eight essential monosacc

Problem 25-34 One of the steps in the biological pathway for

Problem 25-38 (a) Melting point elting point (b) Solubility

Problem 25-42 (a) The S enantiomer of 2-bromobutane he S ena

Problem 25-46 (a) (b) (c) Problem 25-47 Draw D-ribulose in i

Problem 25-50 How many D-2-ketohexoses are possible? Draw th

Problem 25-54 Gentiobiose, a rare disaccharide found in saff

Problem 25-58 Which of the other three D aldopentoses gives

Problem 25-62 Trehalose (Problem 25-61) is cleaved by enzyme

Problem 25-66 Propose a mechanism to account for the fact th

Problem 25-70 When heated to 100 °C, D-idose undergoes a rev

Key Terms

• amino sugar - α anomer - β anomer - anomeric center

• anomer - carbohydrate - complex carbohydrate - D sugar

• deoxy sugar - disaccharide - Fischer projection - furanose

• glycoside - ketose - Kiliani–Fischer synthesis - Koenigs–K

• L sugar - monosaccharide - mutarotation - polysaccharide

• pyranose - reducing sugar - simple sugar - uronic acid

• Wohl degradation