Principles of Finance · free preview

Profit, Loss, and Earnings Quality

Net income results when revenues and gains exceed expenses and losses, high-quality earnings lean on sustainable operating results rather than infrequent gains, and profit is an accrual measure that the statement of cash flows reconciles back to actual cash.

1. The profit equation

The profit equation

2. Revenues and gains are not the same

Revenues and gains are not the same

3. Profit versus cash flow

Profit versus cash flow

4. Earnings quality in analysis

Earnings quality in analysis

5. Computing the period result

A firm reports revenues of 900,000 dollars, gains of 30,000 dollars, expenses of 740,000 dollars, and losses of 10,000 dollars. What is net income?

6. Revenue versus gain

A bakery sells bread daily and also sells its old delivery truck this year at a profit. How should the two inflows be classified?

7. High-quality earnings

Which description best fits high-quality earnings?

8. Profitable but failing

A profitable company runs out of cash and cannot pay its employees. What best explains how profit and cash diverged?

9. Cash flow below profit

For several years a firm's operating cash flow has run persistently below its net income. What is the most likely reading?

10. Why the statement of cash flows exists

According to the lesson, why is the statement of cash flows necessary at all?

11. The profit equation's result

When expenses and losses exceed revenues and gains, the firm reports a net what? Answer with one word.

12. The recurring inflow

What one-word term names recurring inflows from a firm's primary business activities, as opposed to one-time gains? Answer in lowercase.

13. The one-time item

What four-letter term names an infrequent increase in value from an activity ancillary to the firm's main business, such as selling a delivery truck? Answer in lowercase.

14. The three-letter earnings acronym

What three-letter abbreviation names the environmental, social, and governance lens often applied alongside earnings quality analysis? Write the abbreviation.

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