Principles of Finance · free preview

Profitability and the DuPont Method

Profitability ratios measure how effectively the firm converts sales into profit and assets and equity into returns, and the DuPont method decomposes return on equity into profit margin, total asset turnover, and the equity multiplier to reveal whether returns come from operations, asset use, or leverage.

1. Three profitability ratios

Three profitability ratios

2. The DuPont decomposition

The DuPont decomposition

3. A worked decomposition

A worked decomposition

4. Using profitability ratios well

Using profitability ratios well

5. The three profitability measures

Which trio lists the profitability ratios of this lesson in order from income-statement focus to balance-sheet focus?

6. The DuPont equation

Which expression correctly states the DuPont decomposition of return on equity?

7. Computing return on equity

A firm earns net income of 300,000 dollars on sales of 5,000,000 dollars, with total assets of 4,000,000 dollars and common equity of 2,500,000 dollars. Using the DuPont drivers, what is return on equity?

8. Same ROE, different model

Two firms both report a 15 percent return on equity, but the first achieves it with a 7.5 percent margin, 1.2 turnover, and 1.67 multiplier, while the second runs a 5 percent margin, 1.5 turnover, and a 2.0 multiplier. What does the comparison reveal?

9. Margin slip sensitivity

A firm runs a 6 percent margin, 1.5 asset turnover, and a 1.8 equity multiplier. If its margin falls to 5 percent while the other drivers hold, what happens to return on equity?

10. Why leverage-led ROE deserves caution

Why should an analyst treat a high return on equity built mainly on a high equity multiplier with special caution?

11. The margin driver

What two-word term names the DuPont driver equal to net income divided by sales? Answer in lowercase.

12. The asset-use driver

What three-word term names the DuPont driver equal to sales divided by total assets? Answer in lowercase.

13. The leverage driver

What two-word term names the DuPont driver equal to total assets divided by common equity? Answer in lowercase.

14. The founding company

What company, whose name the decomposition carries, first implemented this method for internal measurement in 1919? Answer with one word.

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