Principles of Finance · free preview

Timing of Cash Flows

Every cash flow has a date that fixes its value, earlier flows are worth more, and valuing irregular streams means discounting each flow at its own time and summing the results.

1. Every flow has a date

Every flow has a date

2. Discounting each flow at its own time

Discounting each flow at its own time

3. The intuition for weighting early flows

The intuition for weighting early flows

4. From single flows to streams to firms

From single flows to streams to firms

5. Identical totals, different value

Two investments each return 2,200 dollars total, one paying 1,700 in year one and 500 in year five, the other 500 in year one and 1,700 in year five. At 10 percent, which is worth more today?

6. The general present value formula

What is the general method for valuing a stream of unequal cash flows?

7. Discount factors at 10 percent

At a 10 percent discount rate, which year's flow retains the smallest share of its face value in present terms?

8. The timeline's role in irregular streams

Why is the timeline especially valuable for streams with unequal, irregular cash flows?

9. Rate matching with monthly flows

A stream pays differing amounts monthly for two years. Which discount rate belongs in the valuation?

10. The bridge to bonds and stocks

According to the lesson, why does the unequal-payment method complete the valuation toolkit?

11. The summation symbol

In the general formula PV=∑Ct(1+r)tPV = \sum \frac{C_t}{(1 + r)^t}, what does the summation sign instruct you to do with the discounted flows? Answer with one word.

12. The dated amount

In the same formula, what does CtC_t denote, the cash flow's size or its date? Answer with one word naming what the subscript t distinguishes.

13. The bridge instrument

What debt instrument, priced in the next module as coupons plus face value, is the first full application of the unequal-payment method? Answer with one word.

14. The steepest discount

At 10 percent, which retains less present value, a flow in year ten or a flow in year twenty? Answer with the larger year number.

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