微积分I(标准路径) · 免费预览

§6.1 Using definite integrals to find area and length (continued)

我们如何利用定积分来度量两条曲线之间的面积?

1. Summary

Summary

2. Sine and cosine over the middle window

Between x=π4x = \frac{\pi}{4} and x=3π4x = \frac{3\pi}{4}, the area between y=sin⁡(x)y = \sin(x) and y=cos⁡(x)y = \cos(x) equals

3. Two sideways parabolas

For the region between x=y(y−2)x = y(y-2) and x=−(y−1)(y−3)x = -(y-1)(y-3), which lies between y=3−32y = \frac{3-\sqrt{3}}{2} and y=3+32y = \frac{3+\sqrt{3}}{2}, the area is 3\sqrt{3}. Report this as a decimal, rounded to three places.

4. A rational slice area

For the region between x=y2−y−2x = y^2-y-2 and x=y+12x = \frac{y+1}{2} on −1≤y≤52-1 \le y \le \frac{5}{2}, the area is 34348\frac{343}{48}. Report this as a decimal, rounded to three places.

5. A line through the origin against a parabola

For the region between y=mxy = mx and y=x2−1y = x^2-1 with m>0m \gt 0, the two curves intersect at the xx-values

6. A fixed intersection window

The curves x=y(y−2)x = y(y-2) and x=−(y−1)(y−3)x = -(y-1)(y-3) intersect at y=3±32y = \frac{3 \pm \sqrt{3}}{2}.

7. Intersections independent of a parameter

For f(x)=1−x2f(x) = 1-x^2 and g(x)=ax2−ag(x) = ax^2 - a with a>0a \gt 0, the intersection points of the two graphs are

8. Solving for an unknown parameter by area

With f(x)=1−x2f(x) = 1-x^2 above g(x)=ax2−ag(x) = ax^2-a on (−1,1)(-1,1), setting the area between the curves equal to 22 determines aa. The solution is

9. Average value of a downward parabola

For f(x)=2−x2f(x) = 2-x^2 on the interval [0,2][0,\sqrt{2}], compute the average value r=12∫02(2−x2) dxr = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\int_0^{\sqrt{2}}(2-x^2)\,dx as a decimal, rounded to three places. The exact value is 43\frac{4}{3}.

10. The average value balances the areas

For any continuous function on an interval, the area above the line y=AVy = AV and below the graph equals the area below the line and above the graph.

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