Intermediate Microeconomics · 免费预览
斯勒茨基分解
每一种自身价格反应都可分解为替代效应和收入效应：替代效应始终为负，是在以原有消费组合为支点旋转的预算线上衡量的；收入效应对正常商品为负；二者之和就是需求曲线所记录的总变化。
1. Pivot, then shift
Pivot, then shift
2. Reading the two effects
Reading the two effects
3. The equation
The equation
4. Endowments extend the ledger
Endowments extend the ledger
5. The pivot income
With m 100, prices 1 and 1, optimum (50, 50), p1 rises to 2. What pivot income keeps the old bundle exactly affordable?
6. The substitution effect's sign
Why is the substitution effect on own price always negative?
7. The income effect here
In the worked example the move B to C takes x1 from 37.5 to 25. What is this and what sign?
8. The Giffen inequality
In the Slutsky equation, when exactly does a Giffen response occur?
9. Substitution effect size
In the worked example, compute the substitution effect as the change in x1 from A to B, and write the number with its sign.
10. Total effect size
Same example, compute the total effect on x1 from A to C, and write the number with its sign.
11. The pivot's artificial optimum
With m of 100, prices 1 and 1, then p1 rises to 2, the pivot income is 150. Where is the compensated bundle B?
12. The income effect's share
The move from B of (37.5, 75) to C of (25, 50) is which piece of the decomposition?
13. The equation checks out
For the worked example, the Slutsky pieces are SE of minus 12.5 and an income term. What does the full equation give for the total response to the price rise?
14. Endowments flip a sign
How does the Slutsky equation change for a consumer who starts with an endowment of the good rather than fixed income?
15. The pivot bundle's x1
In the worked example, compute x1 at the compensated bundle B under prices 2 and 1 with income 150, and write the number as a decimal.
16. The final bundle's x2
In the same example at C, income 100 and prices 2 and 1, compute x2 at the final optimum, and write the number.