Intermediate Microeconomics · 免费预览
竞争性企业与利润最大化
价格接受者企业将产出价格和投入价格视为既定值，最大化利润 p 乘以 x 的 f 值再减去 w 乘以 x；一阶条件 p 乘以 MP 等于 w，使该投入的边际收益产品等于其工资——一个方程便概括了企业一侧的全部优化过程。
1. Price taker
Price taker
2. The marginal condition
The marginal condition
3. Two readings of one condition
Two readings of one condition
4. Long run versus short run again
Long run versus short run again
5. The price-taking assumption
What makes a firm a price taker in the competitive model?
6. The marginal condition
The one-input profit-maximization first-order condition is which equation?
7. Working the example
For f equal to root x, p of 10, w of 2, what is the optimal input?
8. The supply-side reading
Rearranged as p equals w over MP, the condition says what?
9. Revenue at the optimum
For the worked example, compute revenue p times y at the optimum, and write the number.
10. Profit at the optimum
Subtract cost 2 times 6.25 from revenue 25, and write the profit.
11. Output at the optimum
In the worked example f equal to root x with p of 10 and w of 2, the optimal input is 6.25. What output follows?
12. The margin at the optimum
At the optimum, what does the marginal product equal in the worked example?
13. A higher price
The price rises to 12 with the wage still 2. What are the new optimal input and output?
14. A dearer input
The wage rises to 3 with the price still 10. What happens to the optimal input?
15. Output at the higher price
With p of 12 and w of 2, compute the optimal output, and write the number.
16. Profit at the higher price
At p of 12 with the optimum (9, 3), compute profit as revenue 36 minus cost 18, and write the number.