Intermediate Microeconomics · 免费预览
埃奇沃思方框与帕累托效率
两位消费者和两种总量固定的商品可以用一张图表示，即埃奇沃思方框：A 从一个角起度量，B 从对角起度量；帕累托效率定义为不存在使一方受益而另一方受损的重新配置；有效集为契约曲线，即无差异曲线相切之处；在所举偏好相同的例子中，该曲线为对角线。
1. The box
The box
2. The improvement lens
The improvement lens
3. Efficiency and the contract curve
Efficiency and the contract curve
4. Reading efficiency
Reading efficiency
5. Reading the box
How are B's quantities measured in the Edgeworth box?
6. The lens of improvement
What does the lens between the two endowment indifference curves contain?
7. The tangency condition
What characterizes a Pareto-efficient allocation in the box?
8. The diagonal contract curve
Why is the contract curve the diagonal with identical homothetic tastes?
9. Endowment utilities
Compute A's utility at the endowment, 8 times 2, and write the number.
10. The equal split
Compute each consumer's utility at the equal split (5, 5), 5 times 5, and write the number.
11. The other side's utility
What is B's utility at the endowment bundle of 2 and 8?
12. A point up the diagonal
At t of 6 on the contract curve, A holds 6 of each good. What are the utilities?
13. The trade the lens suggests
From the endowment, which trade moves the pair into the lens toward efficiency?
14. Marginal rates at the start
What are the two consumers' MRS at the endowment, for u equal xy?
15. A's marginal rate of substitution
For u equal xy, compute A's MRS as y over x at the endowment (8, 2), and write the number to two decimals.
16. Utility at t of 2
On the contract curve at t of 2, compute A's utility as 2 squared, and write the number.