Microeconomics · 免费预览
生产可能性边界
把生产可能性边界看作有效产出组合的菜单，把它的斜率看作机会成本，以及为什么现实中的边界会随机会成本上升而向外弯曲。
1. A map of what an economy can make
A map of what an economy can make
2. The slope is the opportunity cost
The slope is the opportunity cost
3. Why the frontier bows outward
Why the frontier bows outward
4. What moves the frontier
What moves the frontier
5. Classifying points on the frontier
An island's production possibilities frontier for wheat and cloth passes through the bundles (0 cloth, 8 wheat), (2 cloth, 6 wheat) and (4 cloth, 0 wheat). Which statement about the bundle (2 cloth, 5 wheat) is correct?
6. Rising opportunity cost along the frontier
Along the same frontier, moving from (0 cloth, 8 wheat) to (2 cloth, 6 wheat) to (4 cloth, 0 wheat), what is the opportunity cost of cloth in each segment, and why does it rise?
7. The cost of the last bolts
An economy's frontier for wheat and cloth contains the bundles (4 cloth, 0 wheat), (3 cloth, 5 wheat) and (2 cloth, 6 wheat). Moving from (2 cloth, 6 wheat) to (3 cloth, 5 wheat) costs some wheat per extra bolt, but moving from (3 cloth, 5 wheat) to (4 cloth, 0 wheat) costs more. Compute the opportunity cost of the final bolt, in bushels of wheat, and write the number.
8. Locating the bundles
An economy's frontier for wheat and cloth contains (4 cloth, 0 wheat), (3 cloth, 5 wheat) and (0 cloth, 9 wheat). Where do the bundles (3 cloth, 5 wheat), (2 cloth, 4 wheat) and (4 cloth, 6 wheat) sit?
9. Why the frontier bows outward
Why does a production possibilities frontier between wheat and cloth typically bow outward from the origin?
10. The cost of extra wheat
A frontier passes through (0 cloth, 8 wheat), (2 cloth, 6 wheat) and (4 cloth, 0 wheat). Moving from (2 cloth, 6 wheat) back to (0 cloth, 8 wheat), compute the opportunity cost of one extra bushel of wheat in bolts of cloth, and write the number.