Microeconomics · 免费预览
税收与真正的承担者
按单位计征的税收会在买方支付的价格与卖方实得的价格之间形成楔子；税负如何分摊取决于弹性，而非法律规定的纳税义务人；这一楔子造成一个无谓损失三角形。
1. The wedge
The wedge
2. The law cannot aim a tax
The law cannot aim a tax
3. The revenue and the triangle
The revenue and the triangle
4. Fairness and the honest tradeoff
Fairness and the honest tradeoff
5. Computing the wedge
Honey demand is Qd = 120 - 2P and supply Qs = 3P, equilibrium 24 and 72. A 6 dollar per-unit tax is levied on sellers. What are the new buyer price, seller net price and quantity?
6. Elasticity and incidence
Two markets have identical straight-line curves except that one has very inelastic demand and elastic supply. A 6 dollar tax is levied on sellers in both. Where does the burden fall in the inelastic-demand market?
7. The revenue
A 6 dollar per-unit tax leaves 64.8 jars trading. Compute the government's tax revenue in dollars and write the number with one decimal.
8. Splitting the six dollars
The 6 dollar honey tax leaves buyers paying 27.60 dollars and sellers receiving 21.60. Who really pays the tax?
9. The sticky side of the market
Two markets have identical straight-line curves except one has much more inelastic demand. Where does a per-unit tax bite hardest?
10. Revenue from a smaller tax
Honey demand is Qd = 120 - 2P and supply Qs = 3P, and a 4 dollar per-unit tax on sellers leaves 67.2 jars trading. Compute the government's tax revenue in dollars, and write the number.