Microeconomics · 免费预览
关税与进口配额
一个小型开放经济将世界价格视为既定，关税使该价格向上楔入，而福利核算则把消费者的损失分解为生产者的收益、政府收入以及两个无谓损失三角形。
1. A small country takes the world price
A small country takes the world price
2. What a tariff does
What a tariff does
3. The welfare ledger
The welfare ledger
4. Quotas: same prices, different pockets
Quotas: same prices, different pockets
5. The free trade baseline
In the blanket market with demand and supply , the country opens to trade at a world price of 12 dollars. What are imports under free trade?
6. Where the tariff money goes
After the 4 dollar tariff raises the domestic price to 16 dollars, how is the 1040 thousand dollar consumer loss split among producer gain a, government revenue c, and deadweight loss b + d?
7. The quota twin
The government replaces the 4 dollar tariff with an import quota of 80 thousand blankets. How do the outcomes compare?
8. Why the loss exceeds the gains
Which statement best explains why a tariff in a small price-taking country must create deadweight loss?
9. The revenue rectangle
With the 4 dollar tariff in place, imports fall to 80 thousand blankets. Compute the government's annual tariff revenue in thousands of dollars, and write the number.
10. The two triangles
Using the consumer loss of 1040, the producer gain of 560 and the revenue of 320, compute the total deadweight loss in thousands of dollars, and write the number.